Learning objective

  • To develop tonal shading skills using control and pressure.

Success criteria

  • I can explain the meaning of the word ‘tone’ in art.
  • I can describe how artists use tone in their drawings.
  • I can vary the pressure to show tone.

National curriculum

Art and design

Pupils should be taught:

  • To use drawing, painting and sculpture to develop and share their ideas, experiences and imagination.
  • To develop a wide range of art and design techniques in using colour, pattern, texture, line, shape, form and space.
  • About the work of a range of artists, craft makers and designers, describing the differences and similarities between different practices and disciplines, and making links to their own work.

See National curriculum - Art - Key stages 1 and 2.

Before the lesson

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Lesson plan

1: Recap and recall

Display the Presentation: Texture hunt and ask the children to discuss in pairs which words best describe the textures they can see.

Take feedback from the class and drag and drop the words to each object in the illustration. Check the answers using the button on the slide.

2: Attention grabber

Use the links below to display artwork created by Käthe Kollwitz and Saeed Akhtar, a Pakistani artist known for his portrait paintings.

Ask the children to discuss in pairs:

  • How have the artists made some parts of their drawings darker or lighter? (Pressing harder with the drawing materials to make it darker and pressing lightly to make it lighter, using white chalk.)

Remind the children that in art, the word ‘tone’ is used to describe how light or dark something is.

Questions

  • How have different tones been used?
  • What mark making tools do you think have been used?
  • Do you think these artists also use sketchbooks?

3: Main event

Play the Pupil video: Four rules of shading to introduce the four rules:

  • Use the side of the pencil.
  • Shade in one direction.
  • Press evenly.
  • Leave no gaps.

Pupil video: Four rules of shading

Hand out a selection of drawing materials and the prepared A4 cartridge paper or the children’s sketchbooks (see Teacher knowledge).

Demonstrate holding a pencil in the shading grip and on the teacher’s copy, model how to shade within each shape from dark to light.

Ask the children to choose a drawing material to shade with and practise shading within each shape from dark to light, applying the four shading rules. Challenge the children to experiment with shading from light to dark.

Questions

  • How should you hold your pencil for shading? 
  • How can you shade smoothly to show tone? (Shade in one direction, pressing evenly and leave no gaps.)
  • Which drawing materials did you choose?

When their shapes are complete, the children (or adults) can remove the masking tape.

Hold the paper steady with one hand and use the other to pull the tape off in one direction in one smooth action. If the paper starts to rip, stop and try removing the tape in the opposite direction.

4: Wrapping up

Display the Presentation: Tone and ask the children to tell their partner how they showed tone in their shading using as many of the words as they can.

For example:

  • I changed the pressure and …
  • I made a darker tone by…
  • I varied my tones by…

Take feedback.

Presentation: Tone

Adaptive teaching

Pupils needing extra support

Should use one hand to shade with and one hand to hold the paper; could refer to the four rules of shading on the Knowledge organiser when shading.

Pupils working at greater depth

Could explore colour and tone by blending tonal shading in monochrome and colour; could use all of the words when discussing their shading techniques in the Wrapping up.

Assessing progress and understanding

Pupils with secure understanding indicated by: describing what tone is and identifying how artists use it; using the side of a pencil correctly; controlling shading to show tone.

Pupils working at greater depth indicated by: demonstrating precise control over shading; showing confidence in creating a wide range of tones, even within small areas; explaining their choices and how they achieved different effects.

Vocabulary definitions

  • grip

    Holding onto something tightly.

  • shading

    Drawn marks to show areas of light and dark.

Susan Coles

Art and design specialist

Susan Coles selfie
Susan is an educator, artist and an active advocate and well-known champion of art craft and design education. Her roles include: Secretary to the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Art, Craft, Design Education, Past President, and now Honorary Fellow of the National Society for…
Find out more

Maintained by: Kapow Primary team

Contributors

Kapow Primary's Art and Design Team

Art and design specialist

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