This Kapow pupil video is part of the Kapow History scheme of work. It introduces the story of William Tuke, a man from York who wanted to improve the way people with mental health needs were cared for. In the 1700s, people in hospitals were often treated very badly, but William Tuke believed everyone should be treated kindly and fairly. He raised money to open a special hospital called The Retreat, where patients had better food, clean living spaces, and were allowed visits from their families.

William was a Quaker, a type of Christian who believes all people have equal worth. His new approach became known as moral treatment, and it helped many people recover. His son and grandson continued his work and told others about the better way to care for people. William Tuke also opened schools and spoke out against slavery. Thanks to his work, The Retreat still helps people today, showing how one person’s kindness can make a lasting difference.

The video is designed to be shown to pupils as part of History, key stage 2, Year 6, Transition unit, Unheard histories: Who should go on the £10 banknote? Lesson 4: Why is William Tuke historically significant? (Option 1)